The Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline linking northern Iraq with Turkey’s Mediterranean coast resumed operations on 19 January after an explosion the previous day, calming fears of a lengthy outage. Operator Botas says the explosion was set off by a falling electricity pylon near Kahramanmars, 120km from Ceyhan. 2021 flows averaged 513,000 b/d: 430,000 b/d from Iraqi Kurdistan and the remainder from Iraq’s Kirkuk field marketed by Baghdad.